Monaco is famous for its luxury, casinos, and glamorous lifestyle. But few people know about its ancient history. Over 2,000 years ago, the Roman Emperor Augustus used Monaco as a naval base. He wanted to defeat the Ligurian tribes and secure Rome’s control over the Mediterranean Sea.
Monaco’s Strategic Importance
Monaco had a natural harbor, which made it perfect for Rome’s navy. The Ligurians, a fierce tribe, often attacked Roman ships. Their raids disrupted trade and threatened Roman security. Augustus needed a strong base to launch his campaign against them.
At that time, the area was called Portus Herculis Monoeci. The Romans believed that Hercules had once passed through Monaco. Because of this, they built a sanctuary in his honor. Augustus used this connection to win support from local people.
Roman Emperor Augustus used Monaco as a naval base during the War Against the Ligurians
The Ligurians had resisted Rome for many years. They lived in the mountains and knew the land well. However, Augustus did not give up. He sent his legions to fight them. Roman soldiers attacked Ligurian villages and cut off their supplies.
At the same time, Augustus ordered his navy to patrol the coast. Roman warships blocked Ligurian boats and stopped their raids. The Ligurians had no chance. They surrendered, and Rome took full control of the region.
Monaco Becomes Roman
After the war, Augustus integrated Monaco into the Roman province Gallia Narbonensis. The Romans built roads, temples, and markets. They used Monaco’s harbor for trade and military operations.
Many Roman merchants and settlers moved to Monaco. They brought new customs, architecture, and laws. Over time, the area became more Roman. People spoke Latin, and Roman gods replaced old Ligurian beliefs.
The Role of Hercules
Hercules was important to the Romans. They believed he protected travelers and warriors. Augustus used this myth to strengthen Roman identity in Monaco. The Temple of Hercules became a key religious site. It also reminded people of Rome’s power.
The Legacy of Augustus in Monaco
Augustus changed Monaco’s history. Before him, the Ligurians ruled the land. After him, Monaco became a Roman settlement. Trade grew, and the harbor remained an important part of the Mediterranean economy.
His decision to use Monaco as a naval base helped secure Rome’s dominance. The Mediterranean became Rome’s Mare Nostrum (Our Sea). Thanks to Augustus, Rome controlled the entire coastline.
Conclusion
Monaco’s modern image is very different from its past. But without Augustus, Monaco might never have become a part of Rome. His strategy shaped its early development. Next time you visit Monaco, remember its ancient history. A powerful empire once ruled this tiny but important land.